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VACC INAT IONS
WORKING
TOGETHER
FOR A HEALTHIER FUTURE...
19
LIVESTOCK MATTERS
Getting the most
from
vaccinations
Iain Richards,
XLVets
- Sheep vaccines have been available since the 1930's, and it could be assumed
that we are using them routinely and well. However, there is evidence that their correct use has become
neglected. The production of immunity in any animal is a complex process that requires a healthy animal
and correct timing of primary courses and boosters.
At its simplest, immunity is the result of the
body producing antibodies that will counter
the infection (or toxin produced by the
infection). Repeated exposure is required
to maintain natural immunity and boosters
(typically yearly) mimic this natural exposure.
Some diseases, for example Pasteurella or
Footrot, can require boosters immediately
before the risk period. There are many
aspects to consider for successful vaccination,
which are discussed in this article in more
detail below:
Storage
Most vaccines are sensitive to temperature
so when you are collecting vaccine, use a
coolbox and take it home directly to maintain
the ‘cold chain’. Even a few minutes at a
warm temperature may inactivate your
vaccine. Using the vaccine within the specified
timeframe is equally important - particularly the
stated time to use within, from when first
opened. This should be remembered when
planning any vaccination sessions.
Injection technique
A good technique, with clean functioning
equipment is vital to avoid infection at the
inoculation site. Multi-dose guns save a lot
of effort and automatic sterilising systems,
such as Sterimatic are simple to use and
inexpensive compared with the damage that
can result from an infection.
Case example:
A flock was being vaccinated
on a dull, cool day, but the sun
broke through whilst vaccinating
the last group. In this short time
the vaccine warmed up and
became inactive, which resulted
in most ewes in the last group
to be vaccinated aborting.